Understanding and treating psychological disorders requires a deep understanding of all the circumstances a psychiatric patient may go through, not just their current conditions. It involves considering comprehensive life circumstances, taking into account the individual’s personality nature.

To identify and treat psychological disorders, a psychiatrist relies on three main axes:

1. Physical Examination: Aimed at ruling out the presence of physical illnesses that may affect the individual’s mental state.

2. Laboratory Examination: Involves conducting lab tests to verify whether the body is affected by substances such as alcohol or drugs that may impact mental health.

3. Psychological Assessment: Involves sessions of conversation between the psychiatrist and the patient to understand their current and past circumstances, including their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors towards various matters.

These methods work together to provide an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment for psychological disorders.

Types of Psychological Disorders:

Bipolar Disorder: Characterized by mood swings between depressive episodes and manic episodes, where the individual alternates between periods of depression and periods of mania or heightened excitement and increased activity. The duration of depressive or manic episodes varies from person to person.

Schizophrenia and Associated Disorders: Involves a detachment from reality, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and incoherent speech.

Depressive Disorders: Depression is among the most common psychological disorders, requiring long-term treatment. It involves constant feelings of sadness, loss of interest in life, and lack of self-worth.

Anxiety Disorders: While anxiety is normal in many cases, it can sometimes develop into a pathological condition affecting decision-making and overall life. For example, fear of the future or indecision can impair progress and affect a person’s daily life.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: These disorders involve obsessive thoughts that compulsively drive the individual to repeat certain actions excessively. These thoughts can be related to someone in the patient’s life, their religious or intellectual beliefs, or even personal habits such as cleanliness.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders: PTSD occurs when a person has difficulty adjusting to life after experiencing severe stressors or traumatic events. Treatment requires understanding the context in which the trauma occurred and providing psychological support to cope with the challenges.

Disorders Associated with Physical Symptoms:

In disorders associated with physical symptoms, the psychiatric patient may be affected by severe physical illnesses or symptoms, leading to severe psychological reactions. For example, a patient may feel despair and a loss of desire for life if they are suffering from a physical condition such as blindness or the loss of a limb.

Eating Disorders: These disorders include problems with eating such as anorexia nervosa, where the patient refuses to eat due to psychological pressures, as well as bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.

Personality Disorders: Personality disorders vary and branch into more than one type but share the manifestation of abnormal social behavior. This includes disorders such as introverted, narcissistic, megalomaniac, and persecution complex. These disorders make the patient display abnormal behavior in interacting with the social environment.

Psychological Disorder Treatment:

Psychological disorders require accurate diagnosis and ongoing effort to deal with them, given the intertwining of symptoms and their similarity. A precise diagnosis requires developing an individualized treatment plan for each mental health condition. Although treatments vary, psychotherapy revolves around several key points:

1. Pharmacotherapy: Involves the use of medications such as mood stabilizers and antidepressants.
2. Psychotherapy: Through direct sessions with a mental health specialist to talk and interact with psychological challenges.
3. Physical Activity and Yoga: Physical activity and yoga play an important role in supporting psychological therapy and promoting overall health.

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